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From The Genes of PTSD
This site is dedicated to describing and curating user-provided information about genes associated with PTSD. It is managed by staff of the "Root cause of PTSD Project" from Texas A&M Health Science Center and Baylor University in Waco, Texas (About Us). Please feel free to contribute to this new and growing community resource. Read about the latest developments in the Root cause of PTSD: News Feed.
Genes and PTSD
It is known that PTSD segregates in families. For instance, the incidence of PTSD in monozygotic twins was higher than that of dizygotic twins when exposure to trauma is controlled True et al 1993 [1]. However, only a very few genes have been identified as directly influencing the development of PTSD. Part of the problem with studying the genetics of PTSD in a human population is that it is difficult to get clean control population. How much latent PTSD is lurking in control groups, waiting to be uncovered by a severe trauma? Despite this problem, some positive findings have already been reported, which suggests that there may be genes with major influence on the development of PTSD. Genetic studies are currently being performed using a variety of designs, and candidate genes are being sought from animal and cellular models to characterize genetic factors that influence PTSD.
Genes Associated with PTSD diagnosis
Gene LOC N Variant Groups Publications 5-HTT (SERT) 17q11.1-q13 297 SS genotype PTSD/control Lee 2005[1] 125 SS genotype PTSD/control Murtza 2005[1] 589 SS genotype PTSD:socialstress/control Kilpactrick 2007[1] More Details Available DRD2 11q22-23 145 A1 allele PTSD:ETOH/control Young 2002[1] 56 A1 allele PTSD/control Comings 1996[1] Editor needed for this gene DAT 5p15.3 206 3' (VNTR) PTSD/resilient Segman 2002[1] Editor needed for this gene CNB1 6q14-15 F C-A/G PTSD Lu 2008 [1] Editor needed for this gene
Genes associated with PTSD symptoms/behaviors
Gene Description Publications APOE 2 allele increased re-experiencing symptoms Freeman 2005[1] DAD2 A1A2 genotype increased anxiety/insomnia, social dysfunction and depression Lawford 2003[1] GABRB3 (G1) G1 heterozygotes have increased somatic symptoms, anxiety/insomnia, social dysfunction and depression Feusner 2001[1] ADRA2B re-experiencing de Quervain 2007 FKBV5 interaction with child abuse history increases severity of PTSD symptoms Binder et a., 2008[1]
Genes Associated with Treatment Response
Gene Description Publications DRD2 A1A2 genotype (paroxetine)improvement in social dysfunction Lawford 2003[1]
Gene candidates (proteins) from animal and cellular level studies
Neuronal plasticity genes
- S100A10 (p11)
- Activity-regulated cytoskeletal-associated protein (ARC)
- BDNF
- Wolframin gene (WFS1)
- CREB1
"Fear" genes
- NOS
- 5HT2A
- 5HT2C[1]
- 5HT2C Harada 2007
- EGR-1
- COS
- 5HT1A
HPA axis genes
- 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11 beta-HSD-2),
- glucocorticoid receptor (GR)
Detailed Gene Pages For the Genes of PTSD
Editors needed to develop Gene Pages detailing other PTSD candidate genes
Relevant Reading About the Genes of PTSD
- A Gene to Better Remember Traumatic Events - Karestan C Koenen
- Genetics of PTSD: A Neglected Area? - Scientific American Story
Review Articles
Broekman 2007. The genetic background to PTSD. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 31:348-62
References
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